Behaviour changes in dogs: what to look out for as they age

You know your dog, and how he or she responds to their environment, better than anybody. But as your pet ages, you may notice new characteristics, and even personality changes, developing.

‘Like all older mammals, a dog’s brain becomes less flexible,’ says clinical animal behaviourist Claire Hargrave. ‘This could result in them being a bit less competent at dealing with their world. These changes in a dog’s behavioural and emotional development are entirely natural. It’s always wise to consult with a vet, but many changes simply mean adapting some of the ways you care for them.’

A snappy response from your dog could indicate that he’s in pain. ‘By the age of eight, a dog has an 80% chance of having arthritis,’ explains Claire. ‘When your dog looks fit, it’s difficult to register that his tolerance for play or exercise might be declining. But if he’s less willing to be picked up and take part in the rough and tumble of family life, it could be down to muscular or skeletal problems.’

Older dogs tend to lie down for longer periods and stiffen up, so taking a few steps can be debilitating. Your vet can prescribe medication and advise on symptom management. He’ll also check for other health issues like diabetes, thyroid and hip dysplasia, which could affect your dog’s temperament.

A dog’s senses of sight, hearing and smell lessen with age and they can appear less obedient. ‘Because dogs rely so heavily on these faculties, their loss may lead to anxiety and avoidance of once-straightforward situations,’ says Claire.

If disobedience is accompanied by increased appetite and mishaps at night, it could signal Cushing’s disease, in which a non-cancerous tumour on the pituitary gland results in over-production of the stress hormone cortisol. Early detection and treatment will bring your dog’s energy and bounce back.

Now’s the time to teach your old dog new tricks. For hearing loss, use hand signals instead of voice commands. For dogs with sight loss, avoid moving the furniture, as this will confuse them. Position textured rugs to guide them away from hazards.

Thankfully, the canine sense of smell is so incredible that dogs with sight loss can still get the benefit of walks. Just be sure to keep your dog on a lead, so he doesn’t wander off and get lost.

Never startle a dog with hearing or sight problems. Approach calmly; say their name; and hold out a biscuit so they can smell you approaching.