The dangers of ‘hidden’ testicles in dogs and cats

Cryptorchidism, or 'hidden testicles’, is a condition where one or both of the dog or cat’s testicles has failed to move to its proper position in the scrotum. Whilst a male dog or cat is still a foetus (before it is born), the testicles are positioned near the kidneys inside the abdomen. Usually, they descend to their proper place during the two weeks or so after birth, but may take up to six months.

The condition of hidden testicles or cryptorchidism (from the Greek crypto, meaning 'hidden' and orchid meaning 'testicle') affects dogs and cats. Whilst the condition occurs in up to 1 in 10 dogs, it's much rarer in our feline friends.

If you have been unable to locate one, or both of, your pet’s testicles by the time they have reached six months, you should visit the vet to discuss treatment options. It is very rare for an animal not to have testicles entirely. If a testicle has not descended, it can become cancerous or twisted; therefore, your vet will suggest surgically removing the testicle(s).

Sometimes a full medical history is not always available – for example, in the case of rescue animals. There can be possible complications if the vet does not know whether the animal has been castrated or if they are indeed cryptorchidic. Luckily, a blood test can be performed in these cases, so your pet will not need to undergo unnecessary surgery.

Treatment for cryptorchidism can be expensive, so it’s important you take out dog insurance or cat insurance to ensure you are able to get your pet the best care if they do suffer from this dangerous condition.

The causes of cryptorchidism are thought to be genetic, with some breeds more affected than others. In dogs, the most commonly affected breeds are:

• English Bulldog
• Boxer
• Old English Sheepdog
• Siberian Husky
• Yorkshire Terrier
• Cairn Terrier
• Maltese Terrier
• Miniature Schnauzer
• Dachshund
• Chihuahua
• Poodle
• Pomeranian

When it comes to cats, Persians are the breed seemingly most affected.